雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding cross-cultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal skills within a familiar cultural context, CQ specifically addresses the capability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings. Researchers have identified four distinct dimensions of CQ: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral. Metacognitive CQ refers to an individual's conscious awareness of cultural assumptions during interactions, while cognitive CQ encompasses knowledge of norms and practices in different cultures. Motivational CQ reflects the drive to adapt one's behavior to unfamiliar cultural environments, and behavioral CQ involves the actual display of appropriate verbal and nonverbal actions. Studies suggest that CQ can be developed through targeted training and international experience, and it predicts outcomes such as job performance, adjustment, and intercultural negotiation success. However, critics argue that the construct overlaps significantly with personality traits and general cognitive ability, questioning its unique predictive validity.