The concept of 'green infrastructure' has gained traction among urban planners as a means to address climate change and biodiversity loss. Unlike conventional gray infrastructure, such as concrete drainage systems, green infrastructure integrates natural elements like parks, green roofs, and permeable pavements into city design. Proponents argue that these systems not only manage stormwater more sustainably but also provide co-benefits, including improved air quality and enhanced mental well-being for residents. However, critics caution that the effectiveness of green infrastructure is highly context-dependent, varying with local climate, soil conditions, and maintenance capacity. A recent study in Manchester found that while green roofs reduced runoff by up to 40% during heavy rainfall, their performance dropped significantly in drought-prone areas due to water stress on vegetation. This suggests that a one-size-fits-all approach is insufficient, and planners must evaluate ecological and socio-economic factors before implementation.
❓ Tác giả đưa ra quan điểm chính gì về cơ sở hạ tầng xanh?
A. A. Nó vượt trội hơn hạ tầng xám trong mọi bối cảnh đô thị.
B. B. Sự thành công của nó phụ thuộc vào điều kiện môi trường và bảo trì tại địa phương.
C. C. Nó chủ yếu mang lại lợi ích cho đa dạng sinh học hơn là quản lý nước mưa.
D. D. Nó đã được chứng minh là không hiệu quả ở các thành phố có lượng mưa lớn.
✅ 正确答案
B. Its success depends on local environmental and maintenance conditions.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first