雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a complement to traditional measures of cognitive ability. Unlike IQ, which focuses on abstract reasoning, CQ encompasses the capability to function effectively across national, ethnic, and organizational cultures. Researchers argue that CQ comprises four distinct dimensions: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral. Metacognitive CQ refers to the conscious awareness of cultural assumptions during interactions, while cognitive CQ involves knowledge of cultural norms and practices. Motivational CQ reflects the intrinsic interest and confidence in adapting to cross-cultural situations, and behavioral CQ entails the ability to exhibit appropriate verbal and nonverbal actions. Studies suggest that high CQ predicts success in multicultural teamwork and international assignments, even after controlling for personality and general intelligence. However, critics caution that CQ measurement often relies on self-report scales, which may be subject to social desirability bias, thereby questioning its validity in high-stakes selection contexts.