The phenomenon of urban heat islands (UHIs) has garnered increasing attention in climate research due to its profound implications for energy consumption and public health. UHIs occur when metropolitan areas experience higher temperatures than their rural surroundings, primarily because of the prevalence of heat-absorbing materials such as concrete and asphalt, coupled with the reduction of vegetation. Recent studies indicate that the intensity of UHIs is exacerbated by anthropogenic heat release from vehicles and air conditioning systems, creating a feedback loop that further elevates urban temperatures. Mitigation strategies, including green roofs and reflective pavements, have been proposed, but their effectiveness varies with local climatic conditions and urban morphology. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing sustainable urban planning policies aimed at reducing thermal discomfort and lowering carbon footprints.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, yếu tố nào sau đây chủ yếu góp phần gây ra hiệu ứng đảo nhiệt đô thị?
A. A) Sự hiện diện của các không gian xanh rộng lớn trong các thành phố.
B. B) Việc sử dụng vật liệu hấp thụ nhiệt và giảm thảm thực vật.
C. C) Sự giảm phát thải nhiệt từ các phương tiện giao thông do con người gây ra.
D. D) Việc triển khai mặt đường phản quang tại tất cả các khu vực đô thị.
✅ 正确答案
B) The use of heat-absorbing materials and reduced vegetation.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first