The concept of 'environmental refugees' has gained traction in recent decades, yet it remains contentious within international law. Unlike traditional refugees who flee persecution, environmental refugees are displaced due to sudden or gradual changes in their natural environment, such as floods, droughts, or rising sea levels. Critics argue that the term lacks legal precision, as environmental factors often intertwine with economic and political drivers, making it difficult to establish a clear causal link. Proponents, however, contend that without formal recognition, millions of vulnerable people are denied access to international protection and aid. As climate change accelerates, the debate over whether to expand the existing refugee framework or create a new legal instrument becomes increasingly urgent, highlighting the tension between national sovereignty and humanitarian responsibility.
❓ Какова основная проблема в определении понятия «экологические беженцы» согласно тексту?
A. A. Они не сталкиваются с непосредственными угрозами для своей жизни.
B. B. Их перемещение редко бывает вызвано стихийными бедствиями.
C. C. Экологические причины часто смешиваются с другими факторами, что усложняет юридическое признание.
D. D. Большинство стран отказываются принимать какие-либо категории беженцев.
✅ 正确答案
C
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first