The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational contexts, cognitive load theory suggests that instructional design should minimize extraneous cognitive load to facilitate learning. Extraneous load is caused by poorly presented information, such as confusing diagrams or unnecessary text, which distracts learners from the core material. In contrast, intrinsic load is inherent to the complexity of the subject matter itself, and germane load is the effort devoted to processing and understanding the material. Studies have shown that when extraneous load is reduced, learners can allocate more working memory resources to germane processes, thereby improving retention and problem-solving abilities. However, reducing intrinsic load is more challenging, as it often requires breaking down complex tasks into smaller, more manageable components, a strategy known as 'sequencing'.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es el beneficio principal de reducir la carga cognitiva extraña en entornos educativos?
A. Disminuye la complejidad intrínseca del tema.
B. Permite a los estudiantes utilizar más memoria de trabajo para un aprendizaje significativo.
C. Elimina la necesidad de secuenciar tareas complejas.
D. Aumenta la cantidad total de esfuerzo mental disponible.
✅ 正确答案
It allows learners to use more working memory for meaningful learning.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first