The concept of biodiversity encompasses not only the variety of species within an ecosystem but also the genetic variability among individuals and the diversity of ecological processes. Recent studies suggest that high biodiversity acts as a buffer against environmental disturbances, such as climate fluctuations or disease outbreaks. This resilience arises because a richer array of species increases the likelihood that some will possess traits enabling survival under changing conditions. However, human activities, including habitat fragmentation and overexploitation, are accelerating biodiversity loss at rates unprecedented in geological history. Conservation efforts, therefore, must prioritize the preservation of entire ecosystems rather than focusing solely on charismatic megafauna, as the intricate interdependencies among species often determine the stability of the whole system.
❓ Согласно тексту, почему высокое биоразнообразие способствует устойчивости экосистемы?
A. A. Это гарантирует, что все виды обладают идентичными признаками для выживания.
B. B. Это увеличивает вероятность того, что некоторые виды смогут адаптироваться к изменяющимся условиям.
C. C. Это снижает необходимость сохранения отдельных видов.
D. D. Это исключает воздействие человеческой деятельности на экосистемы.
✅ 正确答案
B. It increases the chance that some species can adapt to changing conditions.
IELTS Reading Tips
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