The concept of 'ecological footprint' has gained prominence as a metric for assessing human demand on natural capital. Unlike simpler measures of resource consumption, it accounts for the land and water area required to produce the resources a population consumes and to absorb its wastes, given prevailing technology. This holistic approach reveals stark disparities: high-income nations often exhibit footprints several times larger than their biocapacity, indicating an unsustainable reliance on global resources. Critics, however, argue that the metric oversimplifies complex environmental impacts, neglecting factors like pollution toxicity and biodiversity loss. Nevertheless, its intuitive appeal and ability to communicate sustainability limits have made it a powerful tool for environmental advocacy and policy discourse.
❓ Какова основная критика показателя экологического следа, упомянутого в отрывке?
A. Оно не учитывает технологические достижения.
B. Он сосредоточен только на использовании земли и воды, игнорируя другие виды ущерба окружающей среде.
C. Оно переоценивает потребление ресурсов странами с высоким уровнем дохода.
D. Это слишком сложно для понимания политикам.
✅ 正确答案
It focuses only on land and water use, ignoring other environmental damages.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first