雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding cross-cultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal abilities, CQ specifically addresses an individual's capacity to function effectively in culturally diverse settings. Researchers identify four distinct components: metacognitive CQ (the conscious awareness of cultural assumptions), cognitive CQ (knowledge of cultural norms and practices), motivational CQ (the drive to adapt), and behavioral CQ (the ability to exhibit appropriate verbal and nonverbal actions). A growing body of empirical evidence suggests that CQ predicts performance in multicultural teams more reliably than general cognitive ability or personality traits. However, critics argue that CQ measurements often rely on self-reporting, which may be susceptible to social desirability bias, and that the construct overlaps considerably with established concepts like openness to experience. Nevertheless, CQ remains a valuable heuristic for training programs aimed at global leaders.