The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design often aims to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, there are three types: intrinsic, extraneous, and germane. Intrinsic load is inherent to the complexity of the material itself, while extraneous load is generated by the way information is presented, which can be minimized through effective design. Germane load, however, is the effort devoted to processing and understanding the material, which is beneficial for learning. Research suggests that when extraneous load is reduced, learners have more mental resources available for germane processing, thereby enhancing comprehension and retention. Therefore, educators should strive to simplify instructional materials to reduce unnecessary cognitive burden, allowing students to focus on deeper learning.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, lợi ích chính của việc giảm tải nhận thức không cần thiết là gì?
A. Nó làm giảm độ phức tạp nội tại của chủ đề.
B. Nó cho phép người học phân bổ nhiều nguồn lực tinh thần hơn vào quá trình xử lý liên quan.
C. Nó loại bỏ nhu cầu về trí nhớ làm việc trong quá trình học tập.
D. Nó trực tiếp làm tăng độ khó của tài liệu để tạo ra thử thách tốt hơn.
✅ 正确答案
It allows learners to allocate more mental resources to germane processing.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first