The concept of 'neuroplasticity' has revolutionized our understanding of the human brain. Previously, it was believed that the adult brain was largely fixed in its structure and function after a critical period in childhood. However, recent research demonstrates that the brain retains a remarkable capacity for reorganization throughout life. This plasticity is not merely a passive response to injury but is actively involved in learning, memory formation, and adaptation to new environments. For instance, studies on London taxi drivers have shown that the hippocampus, a region associated with spatial navigation, exhibits increased gray matter volume correlated with years of driving experience. This suggests that intensive cognitive activity can physically alter brain structure. Nevertheless, the extent of plasticity has limits, and it can be diminished by factors such as aging, chronic stress, or neurological disease. Understanding these constraints is crucial for developing effective rehabilitation strategies after brain damage.
❓ According to the passage, what has research on London taxi drivers demonstrated?
A. The brain becomes completely fixed after childhood.
B. The hippocampus changes in response to intensive spatial learning.
C. Neuroplasticity is only active during injury recovery.
D. Aging completely eliminates the brain's adaptive capacity.
✅ 正确答案
The hippocampus changes in response to intensive spatial learning.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
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