The concept of sustainable urban development has evolved significantly over the past decade, moving beyond mere environmental concerns to encompass economic and social dimensions. Recent studies indicate that compact city designs, which promote higher density and mixed land use, can reduce carbon emissions by up to 30% compared to sprawling layouts. However, critics argue that such density may exacerbate social inequality if affordable housing is not integrated. Furthermore, the success of sustainable initiatives often hinges on local governance structures and community engagement, as top-down approaches tend to fail in addressing unique neighborhood needs. Thus, while compactness offers a viable path toward sustainability, its implementation requires a balanced strategy that prioritizes inclusivity and participatory planning.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, nhược điểm tiềm ẩn của thiết kế đô thị nén là gì?
A. Chúng làm tăng lượng khí thải carbon một cách đáng kể.
B. Chúng có thể làm trầm trọng thêm bất bình đẳng xã hội nếu thiếu nhà ở giá phải chăng.
C. Chúng không hiệu quả trong việc giảm tác động đến môi trường.
D. Họ không khuyến khích sự tham gia của cộng đồng trong việc lập kế hoạch.
✅ 正确答案
They may worsen social inequality without affordable housing.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first