雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'environmental migration' has gained significant traction in recent decades, yet its definition remains contested. While early scholarship focused primarily on sudden-onset disasters forcing displacement, contemporary research emphasizes the complex interplay of slow-onset environmental degradation, such as desertification and sea-level rise, with economic, social, and political drivers. This nuanced view challenges the simplistic notion of a direct causal link between environmental change and human mobility. Instead, it posits that environmental factors act as threat multipliers, exacerbating existing vulnerabilities and influencing migration decisions in conjunction with other pressures. Consequently, policy responses must move beyond reactive emergency relief to proactive strategies that address underlying resilience and adaptive capacity, recognizing that migration can be a legitimate form of adaptation rather than solely a failure of in-situ survival.