The concept of 'environmental carrying capacity' has long been central to ecological theory, yet its application to human societies remains contentious. While early models assumed a fixed maximum population size based on available resources, contemporary scholars argue that technological innovation and trade can effectively raise this ceiling. However, such optimism is tempered by evidence that certain critical resources, such as fresh water and arable land, are non-substitutable. A recent study in the Journal of Sustainable Development suggests that even with advanced desalination and vertical farming, regional carrying capacities may be exceeded when consumption patterns prioritize short-term economic growth over long-term resilience. The authors conclude that sustainability hinges not merely on technical fixes but on adaptive governance that anticipates ecological thresholds.
❓ Согласно тексту, какова основная причина, по которой концепция пропускной способности до сих пор вызывает споры?
A. A. Это игнорирует роль технологий в увеличении доступности ресурсов.
B. B. Он не учитывает невзаимозаменяемый характер некоторых критически важных ресурсов.
C. C. Он не различает возобновляемые и невозобновляемые ресурсы.
D. D. Оно предполагает, что модели потребления могут быть легко изменены.
✅ 正确答案
B. It fails to account for the non-substitutable nature of some critical resources.
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