The concept of 'green infrastructure' has gained significant traction in urban planning as a means to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. Unlike conventional gray infrastructure, which relies on concrete and steel to manage stormwater, green infrastructure employs natural systems such as permeable pavements, green roofs, and urban forests. These elements not only reduce flooding by absorbing rainwater but also improve air quality, lower urban heat island effects, and enhance biodiversity. However, the implementation of green infrastructure faces challenges, including higher initial costs and the need for specialized maintenance. Despite these barriers, studies suggest that long-term economic and environmental benefits often outweigh upfront investments, making it a viable strategy for sustainable urban development.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, lợi thế chính của cơ sở hạ tầng xanh so với cơ sở hạ tầng xám là gì?
A. A. Nó đòi hỏi ít bảo trì chuyên môn hơn.
B. B. Nó sử dụng các hệ thống tự nhiên để quản lý nước mưa và mang lại các lợi ích môi trường bổ sung.
C. C. Chi phí lắp đặt ban đầu rẻ hơn.
D. D. Nó loại bỏ nhu cầu về rừng đô thị.
✅ 正确答案
B. It uses natural systems to manage stormwater and provide additional environmental benefits.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first