雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ), first introduced by Earley and Ang in 2003, has gained traction in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding cross-cultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal abilities, CQ specifically addresses an individual's capability to function and manage effectively in culturally diverse settings. It comprises four distinct dimensions: metacognitive CQ (the mental processes used to acquire and understand cultural knowledge), cognitive CQ (knowledge of norms, practices, and conventions in different cultures), motivational CQ (the drive to adapt and learn in cross-cultural situations), and behavioral CQ (the ability to exhibit appropriate verbal and non-verbal actions when interacting with people from other cultures). Research suggests that high CQ is a stronger predictor of successful expatriate assignments than general cognitive ability, highlighting its practical relevance for multinational corporations. However, critics argue that CQ overlaps significantly with personality traits such as openness to experience, questioning its unique predictive validity beyond established measures.