雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of biodiversity encompasses not only the variety of species within an ecosystem but also the genetic diversity within each species and the diversity of ecosystems themselves. Recent studies indicate that high biodiversity enhances ecosystem resilience, allowing habitats to recover more quickly from disturbances such as fires or floods. Conversely, simplified ecosystems, often resulting from monoculture farming or urban development, tend to be more vulnerable to invasive species and diseases. Furthermore, biodiversity plays a critical role in supporting essential services like pollination, nutrient cycling, and water purification. However, the loss of biodiversity is accelerating due to human activities, including habitat destruction and climate change. Conservation efforts, therefore, must focus on protecting entire ecosystems rather than individual species in isolation, as interconnected species rely on one another for survival and stability.