The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, excessive cognitive load can hinder learning, as learners may struggle to process new information when their mental resources are overwhelmed. However, research suggests that instructional design can mitigate this by segmenting complex tasks into smaller steps, thereby reducing unnecessary mental strain. This approach, known as 'chunking,' allows learners to focus on one piece of information at a time, facilitating deeper comprehension and retention. Moreover, studies indicate that the effectiveness of chunking varies across different types of content, such as visual versus textual material, and is influenced by the learner's prior knowledge and expertise in the subject area.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 교육적 맥락에서 청킹(chunking)의 주요 이점은 무엇인가?
A. A. 학습에 필요한 총 정신적 노력을 증가시킵니다.
B. B. 인지 부하를 줄여 학습자가 정보를 처리하는 데 도움을 준다.
C. C. 학습 시 사전 지식의 필요성을 제거한다.
D. D. 시각 자료에 대해서만 학습을 향상시킵니다.
✅ 正确答案
B. It helps learners process information by reducing cognitive load.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first