The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design often aims to manage cognitive load to optimize learning outcomes. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the intrinsic load (complexity of the material) and extraneous load (manner of presentation) exceed the learner's working memory capacity. However, germane load, which involves the mental resources dedicated to processing and integrating new information, is considered beneficial. Recent studies suggest that multimedia presentations can reduce extraneous load by aligning visual and auditory information, thereby freeing capacity for deeper understanding. Yet, over-simplification may inadvertently lower germane load, leading to superficial learning. Thus, effective instructional materials must strike a balance between reducing unnecessary demands and maintaining sufficient challenge to promote meaningful cognitive engagement.
❓ According to the passage, what is the primary reason for managing cognitive load in instructional design?
A. A. To eliminate all mental effort during learning
B. B. To ensure that working memory capacity is not overwhelmed, while still promoting meaningful learning
C. C. To increase the complexity of materials for advanced learners
D. D. To prioritize visual information over auditory information
✅ 正确答案
B. To ensure that working memory capacity is not overwhelmed, while still promoting meaningful learning
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first