The concept of sustainable urban development has gained significant traction in recent decades, driven by concerns over climate change and resource depletion. Proponents argue that cities, as major consumers of energy and producers of greenhouse gases, must transition towards more efficient land use and renewable energy systems. However, critics contend that such transitions often exacerbate social inequality, as green initiatives such as eco-gentrification can displace low-income communities. Furthermore, the implementation of sustainable policies frequently requires substantial upfront investment, which may strain municipal budgets, particularly in developing nations. Despite these challenges, research suggests that integrated approaches, combining environmental goals with affordable housing and public participation, can mitigate negative outcomes. Thus, sustainable urban development is not merely a technical issue but a socio-political one, demanding careful negotiation among diverse stakeholders.
❓ According to the passage, what is a major criticism of sustainable urban development?
A. It leads to increased energy consumption in cities.
B. It may worsen social inequality by displacing poorer residents.
C. It focuses too much on technical solutions rather than political ones.
D. It requires too much public participation, slowing progress.
✅ 正确答案
It may worsen social inequality by displacing poorer residents.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first