The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional designers often strive to manage cognitive load to enhance learning efficiency. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hampered when the total load exceeds the learner's working memory capacity. This can occur when the material itself is complex (intrinsic load) or when the presentation is poorly designed, creating unnecessary mental processing (extraneous load). Conversely, germane load refers to the effort devoted to processing and understanding the material, which is beneficial for learning. Recent studies suggest that by reducing extraneous load through clear, concise instructional formats, educators can free up cognitive resources for germane processing, thereby improving knowledge acquisition and retention.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 교수에서 외부 부하를 줄이는 것의 주요 이점은 무엇인가?
A. A. 그것은 재료의 내재적 복잡성을 증가시킨다.
B. B. 이는 유익한 학습 과정에 더 많은 정신적 자원을 사용할 수 있게 한다.
C. C. 그것은 작업 기억 용량을 직접적으로 감소시킨다.
D. D. 인지 부하 이론의 필요성을 제거한다.
✅ 正确答案
B. It allows more mental resources for beneficial learning processes.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first