雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of sustainable urban development has evolved significantly over the past decade, moving beyond mere environmental concerns to encompass social equity and economic viability. Recent studies indicate that cities adopting integrated green infrastructure, such as permeable pavements and urban wetlands, not only reduce flood risks but also enhance biodiversity and community well-being. However, critics argue that without stringent policy frameworks, these initiatives often prioritize aesthetic appeal over functional resilience, leading to uneven benefits across socioeconomic groups. Furthermore, the long-term maintenance costs of such systems are frequently underestimated, potentially straining municipal budgets. Thus, while green infrastructure offers promising pathways toward climate adaptation, its success hinges on inclusive planning and robust governance structures that ensure equitable access and sustained investment.