Good morning, everyone. Today we're going to look at the history of the bicycle, which is often seen as a simple form of transport, but its development was actually quite complex. The first real bicycle, called the 'draisine', was invented in 1817 by a German baron. It had no pedals; riders pushed their feet against the ground to move forward. Later, in the 1860s, pedals were added to the front wheel, creating the 'velocipede', which was nicknamed the 'boneshaker' because it was very uncomfortable to ride. Then, in the 1870s, the 'penny-farthing' appeared, with a huge front wheel and a small rear wheel. It was faster but dangerous. Finally, the safety bicycle, with two equal-sized wheels and a chain drive, became popular in the 1880s, and its design remains essentially the same today.