Today we're going to discuss the history of the bicycle. In the early 19th century, the first two-wheeled vehicle, called a hobby horse, was invented by a German baron. It had no pedals, and riders pushed themselves along with their feet. Later, in the 1860s, pedals were added to the front wheel, creating the 'boneshaker'. However, it was uncomfortable due to its rigid frame. The major breakthrough came in 1885 when John Kemp Starley introduced the 'safety bicycle' with a chain drive and two equal-sized wheels, making riding much safer and more efficient. This design became the template for modern bicycles.