Good morning, everyone. Today I want to talk about the role of urban green spaces in reducing heat. A recent study in Melbourne compared two areas: one with dense tree cover and one with mostly concrete surfaces. The researchers found that during a heatwave, the tree-covered area was up to five degrees cooler. However, the most surprising result was that the cooling effect was strongest at night, not during the day. This is because trees release moisture slowly after sunset. The study also noted that parks with water features had an additional cooling benefit, but only when the wind was calm. So, for city planners, the key takeaway is to prioritize tree planting over other solutions.