雅思听力

🎧 Listening Transcript

Good morning, everyone. Today we're going to discuss the history of urban planning. One key figure is Ebenezer Howard, who in 1898 proposed the idea of the 'Garden City' as a response to overcrowded industrial cities. His plan involved self-contained communities surrounded by greenbelts, with a balance of residential, agricultural, and industrial areas. Importantly, Howard emphasized limiting the population to around 30,000 to ensure access to nature and avoid urban sprawl. However, despite his influence, only two full Garden Cities were built: Letchworth and Welwyn in England. Many later developments borrowed elements, but few followed his complete vision.