Today in our environmental science lecture, we'll discuss urban heat islands. These are areas in cities that are significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas. The main cause is the replacement of natural surfaces with concrete and asphalt, which absorb and retain heat. Additionally, lack of vegetation reduces shade and evapotranspiration. A key study in Phoenix, Arizona, found that installing reflective roofs on buildings could lower city temperatures by up to 2 degrees Celsius. However, researchers noted that planting more trees in residential neighborhoods had a greater effect on reducing nighttime heat, because trees release moisture and block longwave radiation. This is why many city planners now prioritize green spaces over reflective surfaces.
❓ 講義によると、フェニックスでの研究は都市の暑さを軽減することについて何を見出したのでしょうか?
A. A. 反射性屋根は、夜間の気温を下げる効果において、樹木よりも優れていた。
B. B. 住宅地における植樹は、反射性屋根よりも夜間の暑さを軽減した。
C. C. コンクリートやアスファルトは、自然の地表よりも吸収する熱量が少ない。
D. D. 都市のヒートアイランド現象は、日中にのみ発生する。
✅ 正确答案
B. Planting trees in residential areas reduced nighttime heat more than reflective roofs.