Chapter 84 is the core chapter in HS classification covering mechanical equipment, including power machinery, metalworking machine tools, industrial robots, office equipment, refrigeration equipment, etc. This chapter emphasizes the function and working principle of machines rather than their specific use. CNC planers, as machine tools that shape materials by removing metal, fall within the scope of metal-cutting machine tools in this chapter. Heading 8461 covers metal-cutting machine tools, specifically including planers, shapers, broaching machines, gear-cutting machines, sawing machines, and other cutting machine tools not elsewhere specified. Machine tools under this heading primarily remove material through the relative linear motion between the tool and the workpiece, distinguishing them from heading 8462 (forging and stamping machines) and heading 8463 (other non-cutting machine tools). The first 2 digits 84 represent Chapter 84 (Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, mechanical appliances and parts thereof). Digits 3-4, 61, represent heading 8461 (planers, shapers, broaching machines, gear-cutting machines, sawing machines, and other cutting machine tools). Digits 5-6, 20, represent subheading 846120, specifically referring to planers and shapers, and according to the subheading structure, 846120 typically refers to CNC planers, distinguishing them from non-CNC 846110 (ordinary planers). Therefore, 846120 precisely corresponds to CNC planers. CNC planers control the relative linear motion between the tool and the workpiece through a CNC system, belonging to metal-cutting machine tools. Their processing method is planing, which conforms to the description of heading 8461. Due to their CNC functionality, they are classified under subheading 846120 rather than 846110 (non-CNC planers). Compared with other cutting machine tools (such as milling machines 8459, grinding machines 8460), the cutting motion characteristic of planers is that the primary motion is linear reciprocating motion, hence classified under 8461.
Chapter
Chapter 84 is the core chapter in HS classification covering mechanical equipment, including power machinery, metalworking machine tools, industrial robots, office equipment, refrigeration equipment, etc. This chapter emphasizes the function and working principle of machines rather than their specific use. CNC planers, as machine tools that shape materials by removing metal, fall within the scope of metal-cutting machine tools in this chapter.
Heading
Heading 8461 covers metal-cutting machine tools, specifically including planers, shapers, broaching machines, gear-cutting machines, sawing machines, and other cutting machine tools not elsewhere specified. Machine tools under this heading primarily remove material through the relative linear motion between the tool and the workpiece, distinguishing them from heading 8462 (forging and stamping machines) and heading 8463 (other non-cutting machine tools).
Digit Breakdown
The first 2 digits 84 represent Chapter 84 (Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, mechanical appliances and parts thereof). Digits 3-4, 61, represent heading 8461 (planers, shapers, broaching machines, gear-cutting machines, sawing machines, and other cutting machine tools). Digits 5-6, 20, represent subheading 846120, specifically referring to planers and shapers, and according to the subheading structure, 846120 typically refers to CNC planers, distinguishing them from non-CNC 846110 (ordinary planers). Therefore, 846120 precisely corresponds to CNC planers.
Classification Basis
CNC planers control the relative linear motion between the tool and the workpiece through a CNC system, belonging to metal-cutting machine tools. Their processing method is planing, which conforms to the description of heading 8461. Due to their CNC functionality, they are classified under subheading 846120 rather than 846110 (non-CNC planers). Compared with other cutting machine tools (such as milling machines 8459, grinding machines 8460), the cutting motion characteristic of planers is that the primary motion is linear reciprocating motion, hence classified under 8461.
📝 Declaration Elements
Product Name: The Chinese and English names of the declared commodity, which should accurately reflect the product attributes, such as 'CNC Planer'. Brand Type: Fill in the brand attribute, such as 'foreign brand (OEM production)', 'domestic independent brand', etc., which must be consistent with the actual product. Export Preference Status: Select 'export goods enjoy preferential tariff in the final destination country' or 'not enjoy' etc. based on the actual trade situation. Use: Describe the specific use of the machine tool, such as 'for flat surface processing of metal workpieces', etc. Control Method: Specify whether it is CNC, fill in 'CNC' or 'non-CNC', which must correspond to the HS code. Brand (Chinese and Foreign): Fill in the brand name of the machine tool; if no brand, fill in 'no brand'. Model: Fill in the specific model of the machine tool, such as 'B2010A', etc. Processing Material: Describe the type of material processed by the machine tool, such as 'metal' or 'steel'. Product Name: CNC Planer; Brand Type: Domestic independent brand; Export Preference Status: Not enjoy; Use: For flat surface processing of metal workpieces; Control Method: CNC; Brand: XX; Model: B2010A; Processing Material: Metal. Failure to accurately distinguish CNC from non-CNC, leading to coding errors. Confusion between brand and model filling, affecting customs review. Use description is too broad, lacking specific processing objects.
Product Name
The Chinese and English names of the declared commodity, which should accurately reflect the product attributes, such as 'CNC Planer'.
⚠️ Writing only 'planer' without indicating CNC, or incorrectly writing 'CNC milling machine'.
Brand Type
Fill in the brand attribute, such as 'foreign brand (OEM production)', 'domestic independent brand', etc., which must be consistent with the actual product.
⚠️ Confusing brand with manufacturer, or omitting the brand type.
Export Preference Status
Select 'export goods enjoy preferential tariff in the final destination country' or 'not enjoy' etc. based on the actual trade situation.
⚠️ Incorrectly selecting the preference status leading to subsequent tax rebate or tariff issues.
Use
Describe the specific use of the machine tool, such as 'for flat surface processing of metal workpieces', etc.
⚠️ Use description is too general, such as 'for industrial use'.
Control Method
Specify whether it is CNC, fill in 'CNC' or 'non-CNC', which must correspond to the HS code.
⚠️ Misreporting a CNC machine tool as non-CNC, or vice versa.
Brand (Chinese and Foreign)
Fill in the brand name of the machine tool; if no brand, fill in 'no brand'.
⚠️ Confusing brand with model, or omitting the foreign brand.
Model
Fill in the specific model of the machine tool, such as 'B2010A', etc.
⚠️ Model filled in incompletely or incorrectly.
Processing Material
Describe the type of material processed by the machine tool, such as 'metal' or 'steel'.
⚠️ Mistakenly writing metal processing as wood processing.
Example： Product Name: CNC Planer; Brand Type: Domestic independent brand; Export Preference Status: Not enjoy; Use: For flat surface processing of metal workpieces; Control Method: CNC; Brand: XX; Model: B2010A; Processing Material: Metal.
Common Mistakes：
Failure to accurately distinguish CNC from non-CNC, leading to coding errors.
Confusion between brand and model filling, affecting customs review.
Use description is too broad, lacking specific processing objects.
🎯 Classification Logic
The core basis for classification is the machine's function, working principle, and control method. CNC planers control the linear reciprocating motion of the planer tool or workpiece through a CNC system to perform cutting processing on metal, conforming to the description of heading 8461 'planers, shapers, broaching machines, gear-cutting machines, sawing machines, and other cutting machine tools'. At the same time, they have CNC characteristics, so they are classified under subheading 846120 rather than 846110. If the machine tool is non-CNC, it is classified under 846110. 846110 Non-CNC Planer: 846110 is for non-CNC planers, while 846120 is for CNC planers. The core difference lies in whether a CNC system is equipped. 8459 CNC Milling Machine: 8459 is for milling machines, where the primary motion is rotary motion, while the primary motion of a planer is linear reciprocating motion. 8460 CNC Grinding Machine: 8460 is for grinding machines, which use abrasive grinding, while planers use planer tools for cutting. 8462 Forging and Stamping Machine: 8462 is for forging or stamping machines, which form materials through pressure, while planers remove material through cutting. Is it clearly CNC-controlled? Is the primary motion linear reciprocating? Is it used for metal cutting? Is it distinguished from milling machines and grinding machines? Has the subheading structure been verified?
Basis
The core basis for classification is the machine's function, working principle, and control method. CNC planers control the linear reciprocating motion of the planer tool or workpiece through a CNC system to perform cutting processing on metal, conforming to the description of heading 8461 'planers, shapers, broaching machines, gear-cutting machines, sawing machines, and other cutting machine tools'. At the same time, they have CNC characteristics, so they are classified under subheading 846120 rather than 846110. If the machine tool is non-CNC, it is classified under 846110.
Confused Codes：
846110 - Non-CNC Planer
846110 is for non-CNC planers, while 846120 is for CNC planers. The core difference lies in whether a CNC system is equipped.
8459 - CNC Milling Machine
8459 is for milling machines, where the primary motion is rotary motion, while the primary motion of a planer is linear reciprocating motion.
8460 - CNC Grinding Machine
8460 is for grinding machines, which use abrasive grinding, while planers use planer tools for cutting.
8462 - Forging and Stamping Machine
8462 is for forging or stamping machines, which form materials through pressure, while planers remove material through cutting.
Self-Check：
✓ Is it clearly CNC-controlled?
✓ Is the primary motion linear reciprocating?
✓ Is it used for metal cutting?
✓ Is it distinguished from milling machines and grinding machines?
✓ Has the subheading structure been verified?
❓ FAQ
Are both CNC planers and CNC shapers classified under 846120? Yes, according to the HS subheading structure, 846120 covers CNC planers and CNC shapers. Both cut metal through linear reciprocating motion, but planers are typically used for horizontal surface processing, while shapers are used for vertical surface processing. How to determine whether a planer is CNC? CNC planers are equipped with a CNC system that can programmatically control the processing process, with functions such as automatic tool changing and feeding. Non-CNC planers rely on manual operation or mechanical transmission. In the declaration elements of a CNC planer, is the control method mandatory? Yes, the control method is a key declaration element that directly affects the determination of the HS code. It must be clearly filled in as 'CNC' or 'non-CNC'. If a planer is used for processing wood, can it still be classified under 846120? No. 846120 only applies to metal-cutting machine tools. Woodworking planers should be classified under 8465 (woodworking machine tools). Is the classification of CNC planers affected by the processing material? Yes, the processing material is an important factor in HS classification. 8461 is limited to metal processing; if processing non-metals, other headings need to be considered. How to distinguish a CNC planer from a CNC gantry milling machine? The main difference lies in the cutting method: planers use linear reciprocating motion, while milling machines use rotary motion. Gantry milling machines are classified under 8459, while CNC planers are classified under 846120. How to check the tariff rate when importing a CNC planer? The tariff rate needs to be checked according to the customs tariff of the destination country, usually obtainable through the HS code on official tariff websites or by consulting a customs broker. Note that tariff rates may change, so the latest version shall prevail. What impact does the HS code of a CNC planer have on export tax rebates? The HS code determines the export tax rebate rate, and different codes may have different rebate rates. Enterprises should classify accurately to avoid tax rebate losses or violations due to coding errors.
Q: Are both CNC planers and CNC shapers classified under 846120?
A: Yes, according to the HS subheading structure, 846120 covers CNC planers and CNC shapers. Both cut metal through linear reciprocating motion, but planers are typically used for horizontal surface processing, while shapers are used for vertical surface processing.
Q: How to determine whether a planer is CNC?
A: CNC planers are equipped with a CNC system that can programmatically control the processing process, with functions such as automatic tool changing and feeding. Non-CNC planers rely on manual operation or mechanical transmission.
Q: In the declaration elements of a CNC planer, is the control method mandatory?
A: Yes, the control method is a key declaration element that directly affects the determination of the HS code. It must be clearly filled in as 'CNC' or 'non-CNC'.
Q: If a planer is used for processing wood, can it still be classified under 846120?
A: No. 846120 only applies to metal-cutting machine tools. Woodworking planers should be classified under 8465 (woodworking machine tools).
Q: Is the classification of CNC planers affected by the processing material?
A: Yes, the processing material is an important factor in HS classification. 8461 is limited to metal processing; if processing non-metals, other headings need to be considered.
Q: How to distinguish a CNC planer from a CNC gantry milling machine?
A: The main difference lies in the cutting method: planers use linear reciprocating motion, while milling machines use rotary motion. Gantry milling machines are classified under 8459, while CNC planers are classified under 846120.
Q: How to check the tariff rate when importing a CNC planer?
A: The tariff rate needs to be checked according to the customs tariff of the destination country, usually obtainable through the HS code on official tariff websites or by consulting a customs broker. Note that tariff rates may change, so the latest version shall prevail.
Q: What impact does the HS code of a CNC planer have on export tax rebates?
A: The HS code determines the export tax rebate rate, and different codes may have different rebate rates. Enterprises should classify accurately to avoid tax rebate losses or violations due to coding errors.
⚠️ Disclaimer: HS code classification, declaration elements, tariff rates and regulatory conditions on this page are for reference only and do not constitute legal advice on customs classification. Tariff rates and regulations are subject to change; the latest announcements from the General Administration of Customs and on-site determinations shall prevail. Please consult professional customs brokers or customs authorities before import/export.