"Yan guo qi shi" means to speak in an exaggerated way that exceeds the actual situation, and it carries a clearly derogatory connotation. This idiom comes from the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Book of Shu, Biography of Ma Liang, in which Ma Su is evaluated as "exaggerating in words and not fit for important use." Later, Ma Su indeed lost Jieting because he was only capable of discussing military affairs on paper, which confirmed this evaluation. In terms of deeper meaning, it refers not only to exaggeration in speech, but also implies criticism of a person's lack of practical ability and mere empty talk. In terms of usage, it is often used to describe people who like to boast and whose reputation does not match reality, or to criticize falsehoods in certain propaganda and reports. In terms of cultural background, Chinese tradition emphasizes "consistency between words and deeds" and "seeking truth from facts," so "yan guo qi shi" is regarded as a character flaw. In emotional coloring, it carries a clear sense of negation and warning, reminding people to be modest and pragmatic and to avoid exaggeration. In modern society, whether in workplace evaluations, product promotion, or interpersonal communication, this idiom is often used to expose falsity and exaggeration and to emphasize the importance of truth and credibility.
📝 Example
1. He always claims he can easily complete this project, but his actual abilities are limited—this is somewhat of an exaggeration. (Referring to speech that exaggerates beyond actual ability.)
2. This advertisement's description of the product's effects is exaggerated, and consumers need to discern carefully. (Referring to promotional content that is overstated and inconsistent with the actual situation.)